Main international railway transport routes departing from China: The five main international railway transport routes departing from China to Russia, the five Central Asian countries, Mongolia, North Korea, and Vietnam are: 1. The route via Manzhouli border crossing to Russia. Manzhouli is a border city in China, administratively belonging to Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China. Manzhouli Railway Station is the terminus of the Binzhou Line. The Binzhou Line starts from...

Main international railway transport routes from China

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Five main international railway transport routes from China to Russia, the five Central Asian countries, Mongolia, North Korea, and Vietnam:

 

I. Route via Manzhouli border port to Russia

Manzhouli is a border port city in China, administratively belonging to Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Manzhouli Railway Station is the terminus of the Binzhou Line. The Binzhou Line runs northwest from Harbin to Manzhouli, with a total length of 935 kilometers. Manzhouli Station is a first-class passenger and freight station under the jurisdiction of the Harbin Railway Bureau.

Adjacent to Manzhouli border port in China is Zabaikalsk in Russia. Zabaikalsk is located in Chita Oblast, Russia. 85 kilometers up is Boraya, and further north is Karymskoje, connecting to the Trans-Siberian Railway network to various parts of Russia and inland Europe.

Manzhouli Station is 9.8 kilometers from the China-Russia border, and the adjacent Zabaikalsk Station is 1.3 kilometers from the border. Due to the different railway track gauges in the two countries, import and export goods need to be transshipped at the border station before transport. Chinese export goods are transshipped at Zabaikalsk Station, while import goods are transshipped at Manzhouli Station.

In recent years, with the rapid growth of Sino-Russian trade, Manzhouli port has become an important distribution center for import and export goods between China and Russia. The Binzhou Line is also the most important railway among several railway trunk lines connecting China to neighboring countries.

 

II. Route via Alashankou border port to the five Central Asian countries

Alashankou is located in Bole County, Bortala Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang, China, 570 kilometers from Urumqi by road. The Beijiang Line runs from Urumqi to Alashankou, with a total length of 460 kilometers. Alashankou is the second largest land port in China after Manzhouli. In 2007, the volume of import and export goods passing through Alashankou port reached 12.48 million tons.

Adjacent to Alashankou port is Dostyk Station in Kazakhstan (Note: Dostyk was formerly known as Druzhba, and was renamed Dostyk Station in 2007). The Beijiang Line exits China through Alashankou port to Dostyk Station, the terminal of the Kazakhstan-Turkmenistan railway branch line, connecting the Central Asian transportation network.

Alashankou is located in the famous Ebi wind zone, with strong winds throughout the year, an average annual wind speed of 2.1 meters per second, and more than 160 days of winds above level 8. However, visibility is good in the wind zone pass, and the port is accessible throughout the year.

Due to the different railway track gauges between China and Kazakhstan, import and export goods need to be transshipped at the border station before transport. Chinese export goods are transshipped at Dostyk Station, while import goods are transshipped at Alashankou Station.

Alashankou is an important port for economic and trade exchanges between China and Kazakhstan and other CIS countries, and an important transportation hub on the Eurasian land bridge. With the development of the western region of China and the strengthening of economic and trade activities between China and Central Asia, Alashankou port will play an even more important role.

 

III. Route via Erenhot border port to Mongolia

Erenhot is located in the north-central part of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. It is a border port city between China and Mongolia, with a total area of 450 square kilometers and a population of 16,000. Erenhot Station is on the Jining-Erenhot Line extending northwest from Jining Station on the Beijing-Baotou Line. The total length of the Jining-Erenhot Line is 333 kilometers.

Erenhot Station is the terminus of the Jining-Erenhot Line, 4.8 kilometers from the China-Mongolia border and 9.3 kilometers from Zamyn-Üüd Station in Mongolia. It is an important railway trunk line connecting China to Mongolia and also a railway route connecting China to Russia and Europe. The route from Beijing to Moscow via Erenhot is 1141 kilometers shorter than via Manzhouli. However, due to the insufficient capacity of the Russian-Mongolian border ports and serious bureaucracy, most of the goods from China to Russia are still transported via Manzhouli port.

Due to the different railway track gauges between the two countries, import and export goods need to be transshipped at the border station before transport. Chinese export goods are transshipped at Zamyn-Üüd Station, while import goods are transshipped at Erenhot Station.

 

IV. Route via Dandong port to North Korea

Dandong Station is the terminus of the Shenyang-Dandong Line. The railway from Shenyang to Dandong is 274 kilometers long and crosses the Yalu River to connect with the North Korean railway. Adjacent to Dandong is Sinuiju Station in North Korea. Dandong Station is 1.4 kilometers from the China-North Korea border, and Sinuiju Station is 1.7 kilometers from the border. The distance between the two border stations is only 3.1 kilometers.

The railway track gauges of China and North Korea are the same, so vehicles can pass directly, and goods do not need to be transshipped at the border station.

 

V. Route via Pingxiang port to Vietnam

Pingxiang Station is the border handover station for railway cargo transport between China and Vietnam. It starts from Hengyang, Hunan in the north, passes through Liuzhou and Nanning in Guangxi, and reaches its terminus Pingxiang in the south, with a total length of 1013 kilometers. Pingxiang Station is 13.2 kilometers from the China-Vietnam border, and adjacent to Pingxiang is Dong Dang Station, the Vietnamese border station.

The section of railway connecting Vietnam to Pingxiang in China is a mixture of standard gauge and meter gauge (1000 mm gauge) tracks, and vehicles can pass directly, so goods can be transported without transshipment.